تابع مقال الدكتور هالتون ارب :
علم الكونيات والفيزياء
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Starting from 1966 it has become increasingly clear that high redshift objects are physically associated with disturbed, low redshift galaxies. An empirical sequence of birth of high redshift quasars in the nucleus of a parent galaxy, their ejection and subsequent evolution into lower redshift quasars and then into somewhat higher redshift companion galaxies can be demonstrated. Observationally this is how new galaxies are being created. But the fact that their redshifts are intrinsic and decrease with time will be argued here as invalidating the entire, conventional relativistic physics. Therefore extraordinary observational proof is required. A sample of some of the high probability associations is shown in Figures 1-3. Detailed accounts of the full evidence may be referenced in the book “Seeing Red: Redshifts, Cosmology and Academic Science”